The art of shingle-making is as precise as it is timeless: choosing the right wood, splitting it with tremendous dexterity, then cutting each shingle ("tavillon") at just the right angle. In French-speaking Switzerland, there are only ten master "tavilloneurs" left practising this craft today. They work tirelessly, covering roofs and outside walls with hundreds of these thin wooden tiles which are mostly made from spruce. They also go by different names, depending on their size and where they were made (e.g. "tavillons", "bardeaux" or "anseilles"). Over time, the shingles take on a greyish silvery hue. This coating is the wood’s in-built protection against the elements. The use of "tavillons" in Switzerland dates back to Gallo-Roman times, with examples found at archaeological sites in Holderbank (canton of Solothurn) and Oberwinterthur. This was the start of a very long history: "tavillons" remained in use on the Swiss plateau until the 17th and 18th centuries, when they were gradually replaced by roof tiles; they remained popular in mountain areas right up to the 19th century. With the advent of new materials and the introduction of fire prevention awareness in populated areas, "tavillons", which are synonymous with the Fribourg Pre-Alps, began to fall out of favour. Today, they are to be found only on historic buildings, alpine farms and mountain cabins. It is estimated that a shingle-covered façade can last for around one hundred years before it needs to be replaced. Proof if it were needed that "tavillonage" is a difficult yet worthwhile craft. Given ever-diminishing demand, it is a profession that requires tremendous passion.
Detailed description
Le tavillonnage (PDF, 442 kB, 31.05.2018)description détaillée
Category
Knowledge concerning nature
Canton
Publications
Jean-Pierre Anderegg : Les chalets d'alpage du canton de Fribourg = Die Alphütten des Kantons Freiburg. Ed. Service des biens culturels. Fribourg, 1996
Association romande des tavillonneurs : Charte des tavillonneurs. In : Journal de la construction de la Suisse romande no. 9, vol. 70. Lausanne, 1996
Association romande des tavillonneurs : Tavillons, bardeaux, anseilles.Charte de bienfacture des couvertures en bois. In : Bâtir no. 77. Lausanne, 2003
Florence Bays : Les défenseurs du tavillon. In : Cahiers du Musée gruérien no. 6. Bulle, 2007, p. 205-214
Jules Nidegger : Toits et mantalires. Vevey, 2003
Denyse Raymond : Les couvertures en bois. Tavillons et tavillonneurs. L’Industriel sur bois. Lausanne, 1986
Jacqueline Veuve : Joseph Doutaz et Olivier Veuve, tavillonneurs. In : Les Métiers du bois. Tavillonneurs. Lausanne, 1989 (film)
Olivier Veuve, Pierre Grandjean : Tavillons et bardeaux. Lausanne, 2010
Yann Guerchanik : Le tavillon, de la transmission orale aux bancs d'école. In : La Gruèyere, 3.2.2015 (http://www.lagruyere.ch/2015/02/le-tavillon-de-la-transmission-orale-aux-bancs-d%E2%80%99%C3%A9cole.html)
Keywords
Contact
Association Romande des Tavillonneurs (ART)